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We can useOracle SQL Developer with the jTDS driver to access Microsoft SQL Server. Note: jTDS version 1.3.0 did not work for me; I had to use version 1.2.6. Detailed instructions can be found here.
We can use MySQL Workbench to access MySQL server. Setup is intuitively obvious.
Overview of ODBC on Mac OS X
Mac OS X has iODBC installed as it’s default ODBC manager. Most other Linux/UNIX system uses unixODBC to manage the ODBC drivers. This is the main reason why there’s so much confusion on getting ODBC to work on Mac OS X.
ODBC is kind of like an API for any software to access any DBMS easily, regardless of what DBMS it is and what OS it’s running on. Different software (e.g., R or Python) can utilize ODBC to access different DBMS through the following logic: Software -> ODBC Manager -> ODBC Driver for the DBMS -> DBMS Server (Software: R, Python, etc.; DBMS: MySQL, MS-SQL, etc.).
It doesn’t matter whether you use iODBC or unixODBC. Whichever one you use, just make sure the DBMS Driver and software you are using are configured/compiled to use with the same ODBC manager (usually set through the configure flags). For example, the R package RODBC and Python package pyodbc are compiled by default to use iODBC on Mac OS X. The DBMS drivers used must be compiled for use with iODBC. For iODBC, one could add data source names (DSN’s) at ~/Library/ODBC/odbc.ini. For unixODBC, one could add DSN’s at ~/.odbc.ini.
My current setup utilizes iODBC. I will outline the instructions for setting up MySQL and freeTDS (MS-SQL) drivers for use with RODBC and pyodbc through iODBC.
MySQL and FreeTDS with iODBC on Mac OS X
Install the MySQL Connector/ODBC driver. Driver should be at /usr/local/lib/libmyodbc5.so or /usr/local/lib/libmyodbc5w.so. Note: I’m unable to compile the driver from source on Mac OS X.
FreeTDS is an open source ODBC driver to access MS SQL Server. Install via Home Brew:
Driver should be at /usr/local/lib/libtdsodbc.so (symbolic linked).
Create ~/Library/ODBC/odbc.ini:
Install pyodbc via sudo pip install pyodbc. Test connections in python:
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Install R using the installer. Install RODBC in the R interpreter via install.packages('RODBC'). Test connections in R:
More on unixODBC on Mac OS X
If one wants to use unixODBC on Mac OS X instead, note the following:
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- First install unixODBC via Homebrew with
brew install unixodbc. - Compile R from source to have it work with unixODBC (R binaries from the installer uses iODBC by default).
- Can choose
--with-odbc-manager=odbcwhen compiling RODBC. - When compiling freeTDS, include the argument
with-unixodbc(pass to Homebrew or when compiling manually). - I’m unable to compile the MySQL Connector driver on Mac OS X from source (Homebrew or manually). Thus, it won’t work with unixODBC. I believe I tried unixODBC and MySQL Connector from macports, and those work.
- pyodbc only works with iODBC on Mac OS X (inspect setup file). Currently I can’t get pyodbc to work with unixODBC on Mac OS X.
More differences between unixODBC and iODBC
unixODBC comes with the isql command to access different DBMS from the command line interpreter. iODBC comes with the iodbctest and iodbctestw commands. The command isql works for me on Mac OS X when I set freeTDS up to work with unixODBC (e.g., accessing MS SQL Server). I couldn’t access MySQL server because the MySQL Connector driver was compiled for use with iODBC.
If I use iODBC, I get the following for trying to access a MySQL server:
When I try to access SQL Server, I get
Don’t know why that is so. I guess it’s not too important to use an interactive interpreter. What matter is that the driver works with R and Python. Perhaps I should consider sqsh or do more searching.